2019年大连市高三第一次模拟考试
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Knowing what to do at checkout and properly preparing for it can turn a potentially heated situation into a quick thank you and goodbye. Below we made a list of five things you should remember at hotel checkout.
Don,t be late to check
Hotels may add an extremely high price for being just a half hour late. If you know you won,t make the cutoff time, it never hurts to call ahead and try to negotiate away a potential charge.
Dont forget to double check the room and safe
Make sure you don,t leave things behind. If you have an early flight or checkout time, pack up as much as you can the night before so that last-minute rush isnt too annoying. Also, be sure to take out anything in the room safe.
Dont forget to tip the housekeepers
Its always polite to leave some money for the people keeping your room clean. Don,t ignore the detailed bill
You may be in a rush, but give the detailed bill a careful look to see if the hotel charge is different from the rate you initially booked.
Don,t get angry
Shouting at the assistant manager standing behind the front desk probably won,t help when dealing with an unexpected item on the bill. Think about how difficult it can be to deal with annoyed customers. Keep calm and things may be solved(解决) better and sooner. 1. The hotel will charge you more money if you . A. check before cutoff time
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B. do not call the hotel ahead C. are late in checking out D. negotiate with the clerks
2. Which of the following does the author suggest doing? A. Leaving something behind.
B. Being sure to keep the room clean. C. Doing the pack-up as early as possible. D. Tipping the housekeepers to show respect.
3. What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the passage? A. To suggest a way to solve problems properly. B. To provide more information about the hotel. C. To show the uneasiness of assistant managers. D. To protect customers from unnecessary dangers.
4. In which section of the magazine can you probably find such a passage ? A. Travel. C. Lifestyle.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 【解析】
本文属于说明文，主要介绍如何顺利退房的一些技巧以及退房过程中需要注意的一些事情。 【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Hotels may add an extremely high price for being just a half hour late.可知，如果退房迟了半个小时，宾馆会收取一笔特别高的费用，故选C。 【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段It’s always polite to leave some money for the people keeping your room clean.可知，给那些帮你打扫房间的人一些小费是对别人的礼貌，故选D。 【3题详解】
写作意图题。根据最后一段Keep calm and things may be solved(解决) better and sooner.可知，本段阐述，如果与宾馆服务员产生冲突，应该保持冷静，这样事情才能更好更快解决，故选A。 【4题详解】
文章出处题。根据文章开头Below we made a list of five things you should remember at hotel checkout.本文主要介绍如何顺利退房的一些技巧，故可知，本文主要涉及旅游方面，故选A。
B. Nature. D. Fitness.
B
Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon---a total lunar eclipse (月蚀)---on the roof of their house.
Now a seventh-grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed-Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.
She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.
“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search,” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density (密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”
“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world,” Dobek says.
Dobek’s design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or Self-Crowing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.
Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek’s design. A simulation (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual (虚拟的) reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.
“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions.” Dobek said. “Whatever they want to do they should push for it and always try their best.” 5. Dobek first became interested in apace when . A. she was still a seventh-grader B. she studied at a junior high school C. she lived on the top of their house D. she watched an eclipse of the moon
6. Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because . A. she knew Dobek liked challenges in life
B. she had no other students interested in Mars
C. Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts D. she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance 7. What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station? A. The environment on Mars. B. The safety of the supplies. C. The activities for astronauts. D. The comfort of the astronauts. 【答案】5. D 6. D 7. D 【解析】
本文属于新闻，介绍一个中学生从小对太空和宇宙感兴趣，在老师的鼓励下，设计了帮助宇航员去火星的一些科学设备。 【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段Emilia Dubcek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon --- a total lunar eclipse(月蚀)--- on the roof of their house.可知，Emilia Dubcek对太空和宇宙感兴趣是在三年级，与父亲在屋顶一次看月食的时候，故选D。 【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search,” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”可知，老师知道她喜欢这个挑战，能够超越自己的研究，故可以知道，老师相信Dubcek能够做出更好的研究，故选D。 【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world,” Dobek says.可知，她的设计不仅确保宇航员的安全，还要保证宇航员的舒适生活，故选D。
C
It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into pre-school institutions at the age of
three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged home environment.
To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the child,s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.
At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio-economic backgrounds or family structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child,s development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.
The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.
8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ? A. The large number of poor families. B. The disapproval from children. C. The late start of the program. D. The long period of time.
9. What do we know about the “Missouri” program ? A. It focused on the children,s first school teachers.
B. It helped the children return to the same home. C. It made the children improved in many aspects. D. It gave the parents advice on their development.
10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children,s performance ? A. The number of family members. C. The intelligence of their parents. 11. How does the author develop the passage ? A. By listing figures. C. By giving examples.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】
本文属于说明文，为了研究促进贫穷家庭孩子智力发展，分别进行了Headstart和Missouri项目进行研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育。 【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段But the results have been disappointing , because the program began too late.可知，结果不佳，因为项目开始的太晚了，故选C。 【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段The results were obvious. The children in the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills than their peers.可知，参加了“Missouri“项目的孩子，在语言发展、问题解决和其他智力技能方面都比同龄人要高级，故可知，这个项目在多个方面让孩子提升很多，故选C。 【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The one factor that was found to affect the childs development was the poor quality of parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.可知，影响孩子发展的一个因素就是父母与孩子之间交流的质量很差，而这种交流在家庭经济情况较差的家庭不一定就不如人，故可知，父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的发展，故选B。 【11题详解】
写作策略题。根据文章可知，本文分别举了Headstart和Missouri项目对孩子的发展进行研究，结果一个失败了，一个成功了，发现了父母与孩子的交流更影响孩子的智力发育，故可知，作者写这篇文章是通过对这两个项目进行对比的，故选B。
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B. The parent-child communication. D. The teacher-student relationship.
B. By making comparisons. D. By drawing conclusions.
D
William I, who conquered England some 930 years ago, had wealth, power and an army. Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水马桶)，or riding lawn mower(除草机). How did he get by ?
History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me. I have storm windows, Croesus did not. Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great, but he couldn,t buy cat food. Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw.
Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people, you,d think I,d be content. The trouble is that, like most people, I compare my wealth with that of living persons: neighbors, school classmates, famous TV people. The greed I feel toward my friend Howards new kitchen is not reduced by the fact no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.’
There is really no rising or falling standard of living. Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about. Youd think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood, but no, we want a hot bath too.
Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today,s standards the things I own are pretty nice. My house is smaller than the houses of many investments bankers, but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.
Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers, fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby. I can,t keep up with my neighbors right now. But just wait.
12. What does the underlined phrase “get by” in the first paragraph mean ? A. Succeed as a king.
C. Live in s satisfactory way.
B. Deal with complaints. D. Get some extra money.
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13. How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present ? A. 3. C. 5
B. 4. D. 6
14. According to the passage, the author. intends to . A. tell us to be content with life B. warn us to live in a simple way C. teach us to learn lessons from life D. encourage us to struggle for wealth
15. Whats the authors attitude towards life ? A. Doubtful. C. Uncaring.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】
本文属于议论文，无论一个人多么的富有，但是用未来人的角度来看，其生活质量都不是很好的，因此作者建议大家要对未来充满信心，也要满足当下的生活。 【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time, he had nothing like a flush toilet(抽水马桶)，or riding lawn mower(除草机).可知，尽管威廉一世在他那个时代很富有，但是他没有像抽水马桶、除草机这一类的东西，通过How did he可知，他是怎样生活的呢？可知推出get by的意思是通过，过得去，故选C。 【13题详解】
细节理解题。本文提及了William I威廉一世，Croesus克罗伊斯，Alexander the Great亚历山大大帝，Czar Nicholas沙皇尼古拉斯共计4个历史人物，故选B。 【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Of course, one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by todays standards the things I own are pretty nice.可知，获得幸福的一种方式就是意识到，即使按照今天的生活标准，我拥有的东西都很不错，作者认为获得幸福感在于对当前拥有的东西感到满意，故选A。 【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Besides, to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future, these bankers fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby.用未来一两个世纪的人的标准来看今天，不管是银行家绚丽的工作台面还是我家的装饰材料都相当寒碜，故可知，作者认为生活会随着时代的发展而进步，故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers don’t have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. ___16___ Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can help you to remember things in your everyday life.
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B. Optimistic. D. Cautious.
To Remember: New words Technique: Change routine
In a study, a group of students studied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room ant some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while the other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more. ___17___ That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.
To Remember: Your PIN Technique: Count it out
You could use your birthday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. ___18___ Write a four- wort sentence. Then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” =4223.
To Remember: Faces Technique: Focus on noses
White some super memorizes specialize in associating names with faces, the memory-palace technique doesn’t work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a person’s nose. ___19___
To Remember: Facts & figures Technique: ___20___
To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, study today and then again in a day or two. If it’s a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session. A. value exams B. Give yourself time
C. This allows you to take in their whole face.
D. Their brain structures are in fact the same as the rest of ours. E. Instead, try this tip from Dominic, an eight-time World Memory Champion. F. The theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around you. G. Studies showed that varying other aspects of your environment can also help.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B 【解析】
本文属于说明文，介绍记忆不同事物建议的不同记忆技巧。 【16题详解】
根据前一句In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers don‘t have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information.可知，在神经学杂志最近发布的文章里，研究人员发现超级记忆者没有更大大脑区域来允许他们记忆很多信息，D选项，他们的大脑结构跟我们其他人一样，承接上文，切题，故选D。 【17题详解】
根据后一句That includes the time of day, the music in the background , whether you sit or stand, etc.可知，包括记忆的时间，音乐背景，以及你是否是站着还是坐着等，G选项，改变环境的不同因素也能帮助记忆，后一句是对本句的阐述，切题，故选G。 【18题详解】
根据后一句Write a four-word sentence, then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN” = 4223.可知，写一个四个单词的句子，数每个单词的字母数，比如，This is my PIN每个单词的分别包含4个、2个、2个、3个字母，E选项，尝试Dominic的技巧，八次获得世界记忆冠军，后一句具体阐述记忆的方法，切题，故选E。 【19题详解】
根据前一句Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a persons nose.可知，不要关注别人的眼镜，正如大多数做的一样，关注一个人鼻子的中部或者左部，C选项，这会让你记住整张脸，阐述前一句的意义和影响，切题，故选C。 【20题详解】
根据本段第一句To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one.可知，学习和记忆数据，长时间反复记忆比短时间记忆更有效，故可知，本段介绍记忆数据和事实性知识需要的技巧在于反复记忆，B选项，给自己一些时间，切题，故选B。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
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Being jobless for the last three months, I am upset nowadays. My son has lost his ___21___ from a good school and he might have to go to a less qualified school. I have moved from a spacious (宽敞的) apartment to a small one in order to ___22___ my living expenses. My wife has built extra stress. On top of that, my father in-law ___23___ a week ago, which has added fuel to fire, ___24___ our family into a more terrible state.
In these circumstances I have two mental ___25___: either to feel upset and keep losing my peace of mind, or ___26___ my negative thoughts with super mental powers about self-confidence and consistency, and ___27___ applying for new jobs with positive attitude.
I choose the second option because I believe that the pain I am ___28___ today will build up my ___29___ . My strengths will then increases my confidence and make me a good times make me a ___30___ man one day. I understand that good and bad stages are part of ___31___ . While good times make me happy, bad times ___32___ the ‘inner’ me.
Two months later, ___33___ , I have finally landed on a job which is very exciting and offers a nice salary. Time has healed my wife’s mental stress ___34___ the death of her father. My son has already been accepted by another good school because the admissions for new academic year were still ___35___ !
As I am back on the track of normal life, I can ___36___ say that the most important things that helped me ___37___ the crisis (危机) were my consistent character of patience, and ___38___ attitude towards life. So, while I wish you all the best life can ___39___ you, I would highly recommend taking the same attitude towards life ___40___ you are trapped in any of such situations. 21. A. admission 22. A. share 23. A. showed up 24. A. putting 25. A. problems 26. A. link 27. A. regret 28. A. practicing 29. A. intelligence
B. benefit B. reduce B. set off B. finding B. concerns B. replace B. stop B. suffering B. body
C. diploma C. break C. fell down C. forming C. choices C. mix C. keep C. producing C. character
D. permission D. raise D. passed away D. lifting D. activities D. exchange D. risk D. relieving D. reputation
30. A. carful 31. A. life 32. A. hide 33. A. desperately 34. A. regardless of 35. A. occupied
B. hard-working B. wealth B. destroy B. unwillingly B. due to B. empty
C. easy-going C. time C. strengthen C. hopefully C. instead of C. open C. deliberately C. change C. friendly C. manage C. now that
D. successful D. health D. kill D. fortunately D. apart from D. closed D. confidently D. delay D. honest D. send D. in case
36. A. disappointedly B. surprisedly 37. A. fight 38. A. general 39. A. offer 40. A. as if
B. meet B. positive B. expect B. in that
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. D 【解析】
本文属于叙事说理文，介绍作者在危机重重的时候依然保持对生活的积极乐观，坚持，最终成功度过难关，说明了保持积极态度的重要性。 【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子没有被一所好学校录取，可能要去一所差一点的学校。A. admission录取；B. benefit好处；C. diploma文凭；D. permission允许。根据本句后文he might have to go to a less qualified school.可知，作者儿子因为没有被好学校录取，故选A。 【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从一个宽敞的公寓搬到了更小的公寓，为了减少生活开支。A. share分享；B. reduce减少；C. break打破；D. raise筹集。根据前文Being jobless for the last three months可知，作者三个月没有工作了，因此要减少开支，故选B。 【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：除此之外，我的岳父一周前去世了，这无异于火上浇油，让我们这个家庭更恼火。A. showed up出现；B. set off出发；C. fell down下降；D. passed away去世。根据后文the death of her father可知，作者的岳父去世了，故选D。 【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，我的岳父一周前去世了，这无异于火上浇油，让我们这个家
庭更恼火。A. putting放；B. finding发现；C. forming形成；D. lifting举起。根据前文可知，作者失业，为了减少开支，搬去更小的房子，岳父的去世，加剧了家庭的困境，故选A。 【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些情形下，我有两个精神上的选择，要么精神上沮丧，失去内心的平衡，要么用强大的精神力量，比如自信，坚持，取代消极情绪，用积极的态度继续找工作。A. problems问题；B. concerns担忧；C. choices选择；D. activities活动。根据本句either…or结构可知，作者面临两个选择，故选C。 【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这些情形下，我有两个精神上的选择，要么精神上沮丧，失去内心的平衡，要么用强大的精神力量，比如自信，坚持，取代消极情绪，用积极的态度继续找工作。A. link联系；B. replace替代；C. mix混合；D. exchange交换。本句为短语replace sth with sth用某物替代某物，故选B。 【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这些情形下，我有两个精神上的选择，要么精神上沮丧，失去内心的平衡，要么用强大的精神力量，比如自信，坚持，取代消极情绪，用积极的态度继续找工作。A. regret后悔；B. stop停止；C. keep 继续；D. risk冒险。根据文章可知，作者在消极和积极的方面做选择，故选C。 【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了第二个，我相信我今天承受的痛苦让我的性格更坚强。A. practicing练习；B. suffering遭受；C. producing生产；D. relieving缓解。根据文章可知，作者面临各种艰难，故选B。 【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我选择了第二个，我相信我今天承受的痛苦让我的性格更坚强。A. intelligence智力；B. body身体；C. character性格；D. reputation名声。根据文章可知，作者认为遭受不好的事情会让自己更坚强，故选C。 【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的优点会增加我的信心，让我有一天能够成功。A. careful仔细的；B. hard-working努力工作的；C. easy-going平易近人的；D. successful成功的。根据文章可知，作者相信困境能够磨练自己，故选D。 【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了好的时期和不好的时期都是生活的一部分。A. life生活；B.
wealth财富；C. time时间；D. health健康。根据文章可知，作者认为人生充满顺境和逆境，故选A。 【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：顺境让我开心，逆境增强我的内心。A. hide隐藏；B. destroy破坏；C. strengthen加强；D. kill杀死。根据文章可知，作者把逆境当作磨练自己的机会，故选C。 【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，两个月后，一份让人兴奋，工资让人满意的工作降临在我头上。A. desperately绝望地；B. unwillingly不愿意地；C. hopefully满怀希望地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据文章可知，作者找到了工作，因此很幸运，故选D。 【34题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：时间治愈了我妻子因为她父亲去世造成的精神压力A. regardless of不管；B. due to由于；C. instead of替代；D. apart from除了。根据前文可知，作者妻子的父亲去世了，因此对妻子造成精神痛苦，故选B。 【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子也被另外一所好的学校录取了，因为新学年的录取依然有效。A. occupied被占领的；B. empty空的；C. open开放的；D. closed关闭的。根据文章可知，作者儿子被录取了，录取仍在继续，故选C。 【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的生活回到了正常轨道，我可以很自信地说，帮助我度过危机最重要的东西就是耐心和坚持，对生活持积极态度。A. disappointedly失望地；B. surprisedly感到惊讶地；C. deliberately故意地；D. confidently自信地。根据文章可知，作者认为正是自己的乐观帮助自己渡过难关，故选D。 【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的生活回到了正常轨道，我可以很自信地说，帮助我度过危机最重要的东西就是耐心和坚持，对生活持积极态度。A. fight斗争；B. meet遇见；C. change改变；D. delay推迟。根据文章可知，作者与危机作斗争，并且战胜了危机，故选A。 【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生活回到了正常轨道，我可以很自信地说，帮助我度过危机最重要的东西就是耐心和坚持，对生活持积极态度。A. general一般的；B. positive积极的；C. friendly友好的；D. honest诚实的。根据文章可知，作者时刻保持积极的态度，故选B。 【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我希望生活都能给你最好的东西，但是当你处于困境的时候，也能保持同样的态度。A. offer提供；B. expect期望；C. manage管理；D. send发送。本句为offer的用法offer sb sth提供某人某物，故选A。 【40题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：因此，我希望生活都能给你最好的东西，但是当你处于困境的时候，也能保持同样的态度。A. as if好像；B. in that在于；C. now that既然；D. in case假如。根据文章可知，前后句为条件关系，故选D。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese high-speed railways are a very. ___41___ (comfort) way to travel. They are clean, quiet and efficient. China has led other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first high-speed train ___42___ (come) into use in 2008.
The stations are ___43___ (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened ___44___ (connect) the high-speed network. The facilities on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class ___45___ (chair) provide plenty of space. The passages are so wide ___46___ you can move without disturbing anyone. You can use your mobile phone, access ___47___ Internet or work on your laptop. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food ___48___ (be) limited. The toilets arc large, clean and user-friendly too. The train almost doesn’t rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake.
What’s more, with a faster check-in, the high-speed train are also ___49___ (little) affected by weather than planes, Seldom are ___50___ delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have become the first choice for many passengers. 【答案】41. comfortable 42. came 43. mainly 44. to connect 45. chairs 46. that 47. to 48. are 49. less 50. they 【解析】
【分析】
本文属于说明文，介绍了中国高铁在世界上处于领先地位，同时也介绍了其优势之处。 【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：中国高铁是一种很舒服的旅行方式。修饰名词way用形容词，故用comfortable。 【42题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从中国第一条高铁在2008年投入使用以来，中国在这一领域领先其他发展中国家甚至一些发达国家。本句陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，故用came。come in to use投入使用。 【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：高铁站主要修在市郊，因此当地的交通延伸到高铁站来连接全国高铁网络。修饰动词build用副词，故用mainly。 【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：高铁站主要修在市郊，因此当地的交通延伸到高铁站来连接全国高铁网络。分析句子可知，connect做目的状语，故用to connect。 【45题详解】
考查名词。句意:即使是二等座的椅子也有相当大的空间。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，chair为可数名词，故用其复数形式，chairs。 【46题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：通道是如此的宽敞，你可以经过的时候不用打扰别人。本句为结构so…that如此…以至于，故用that。 【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：同样，你可以在高铁上使用手机，连上互联网，用笔记本办公。本句为短语access to sth得以使用某物，故用to。 【48题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：高铁上有餐车，尽管食物种类有限制。分析句子可知，本句主语为kinds，复数形式，故谓语动词需用复数形式，陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，故用are。 【49题详解】
考查比较级。句意：另外，由于快速检票，与飞机相比，高铁受天气的影响更小。本句为比较级结构，需用比较级形式，故用less。 【50题详解】
考查代词。句意：因此，他们很少因为天气的原因延迟或取消。分析句子可知，本句缺乏主语，根
据前文可知，本段描述高铁的优势之处，故用they。 【点睛】部分倒装结构。 1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装
在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词或者赋词短语，比如In [Under] no circumstances，On no accounts若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装：
Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。
No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装
当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序：
Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。
Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装
副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装：
So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。
比如小题10，本句为部分倒装，本句缺乏主语，根据前文可知，本段描述高铁的优势之处，故用they。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。 Dear Steven ,
From you letter , I know it is hard for you to make friends. The following suggestions may be for some help to you.
To begin with , walking to your classmates and talk with them. After several talks , you will happy find that they are likely to consider you as a warm-heart person. Gradually , you will enjoy each other company. Besides , you,d better to give them a hand when they are inn trouble. It is advisable to participate in different kind of activities , which you can communicate with different people.
All in all , follow my advice above , and you would find that it isnt big deal to make some friends.
Yours , Jack
,
【答案】
【解析】 【分析】
本文属于说明文，介绍交朋友的几点建议。
【详解】第一处：考查介词。句意：下面的建议可能对你有一些帮助。分析句子可知，本句为结构be of+名词，相当于对应的形容词，be of help有帮助的，故把for改为of。
第二处：考查祈使句。句意：第一，走到你同学身边去，和他们交流。本句为祈使句，故用动词原形，把walking改为walk。
第三处：考查副词。句意：几次交流之后，你会高兴地发现他们认为你是一个热心的人。修饰动词
find用副词，故把happy改为happily。
第四处：考查形容词。句意：几次交流之后，你会高兴地发现他们认为你是一个热心的人。修饰名词用形容词，故把warm-heart改为warm-hearted。
第五处：考查代词所有格。句意：逐渐地，你就会享受彼此的陪伴。分析句子可知，company为名词，故用所有格修饰名词，故把other改为other’s。
第六处：考查固定短语。句意：另外，当他们有麻烦的时候，你最好伸出援助之手。本句为had better do sth最好做某事，故去掉to。
第七处：考查名词。句意：也建议你参加各种各样的活动，在这些活动中，你可以和不同的人交流。由于different修饰，故用名词复数，把kind改为kinds。
第八处：考查定语从句。句意：也建议你参加各种各样的活动，在这些活动中，你可以和不同的人交流。分析句子可知，which you can communicate with different people为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词activities，关系词在从句中作状语，故把which改为where，也可以用介词加关系代词结构，故在which前加in。
第九处：考查一般将来时。句意：总之，按照我的意见，你会发现交朋友没有什么大不了的。本句为结构祈使句+and+陈述句，相当于if的条件状语从句，陈述句需用一般将来时，故把would改为will。
第十处：考查冠词。句意：总之，按照我的意见，你会发现交朋友没有什么大不了的。本句为短语a big deal大事情，deal为可数名词，第一次提及，故用不定冠词a。 【点睛】be of+名词用法。
1.be+of+抽象名词，相当于be+该抽象名词的形容词形成，主要用来表示主语的性质。of后常接value，use, help，importance，difference等抽象名词，而且这些名词前也可用little，some，any，no，great等词修饰，以表示不同的程度。如：
Sports and games are of great importance.(=are very important)体育运动非常重要。 What he said at the meeting was of great value.(=was very valuable)他在会上讲的话很有价值。
2. be+of+名词还可表示主语的类属。of后还可接age，colour，size，height，opinion等名词用以表示类属，但名词前一般加不定冠词或 the same。如：
Australia and New Zealand are of the same continent.澳大利亚和新西兰属同一洲。 The two sisters are of the same class.姐妹俩在同一班。
比如小题1，分析句子可知，本句为结构be of+名词，相当于对应的形容词，be of help有帮助的，故把for改为of。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假如你是李华，五月份去美国参加“国际文化周”，你的美国笔友Tom来信询问你赴美相关事宜。请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 活动时间、地点； 2. 活动的、内容； 3. 其他个人安排。 注意：1. 词数100左右。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：International Culture week国际文化周
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom,
I'm glad to receive your letter. To tell the truth, I’m going to America to take part in the International Culture Week, which is scheduled to be held in New York this May. Aiming to promote cultural exchange among different counties, the committee of International Culture Week has planned plenty of exciting activities, such as various exhibitions, academic lectures and music shows.
I would 1ike to have a city sightseeing with your company, if you are available during that period of time. I have prepared a surprise gift for you. I’m 1ooking forward to seeing you.
Yours, Li Hua
【解析】 【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封介绍活动议程的书信。
【详解】根据提示可知，本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封介绍活动议程的书信，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。关键要点如下：①五月份去美国参加“国际文化周”；②活动时间、地点；③活动目的、内容；④其他个人安排。
第二步：根据关键要点，确定关键词，如：International Culture Week（国际文化周），promote cultural exchange（促进文化交流），academic lectures（学术演讲），city sightseeing（城市观光）等。
第三步：根据提示及关键词进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题以及句子结构完整。 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使之自然流畅，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面。
【点睛】本篇范文结构清晰，内容完整，过渡衔接严谨自然，符合书信的要求，其中不乏亮点句型。 非谓语动词的使用Aiming to promote cultural exchange among different counties, the committee of International Culture Week has planned plenty of exciting activities, such as various exhibitions, academic lectures and music shows.
非限制性定语从句的使用To tell the truth, I’m going to America to take part in the International Culture Week, which is scheduled to be held in New York this May.
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